Is It Safe to Use Free Papers

Is It Safe to Use Free Papers Is It Safe to Use Free Papers? The answer to this question is fully in the aim with which the free papers are to be used. It is an obvious fact that submitting a free paper to your school involves great risk to be expelled for plagiarism. Free papers can be downloaded by numbers of students and you have no guarantee that if you use it your call mate will not use the same paper as well. Of course free papers can be of use if you download them jut for examples. Completion of some of the written assignments requires knowledge of the structure and writing skills. If you go online to take a look at free papers to be used as samples it can help you understand the layout of the paper, some basic features, writing style to be used, etc. It is not a secret that for an average student leisure is a lot more pleasant way to spend time and money then then doing a written assignment therefore using a free paper from the Internet which is instant and doesnt cost anything seems very attractive. Some cannot stand this temptation and as a result and up having issues with plagiarism. The only safe alternative is ordering a custom written paper which will assure originality and quality. Moreover the free papers cannot be used as referential material or a source they can only serve as visual aid to let you better understand how work should be written. So next time when you go online trying to download a free paper think twice before you use it.

What You Should Know About Unequal Treaties

What You Should Know About Unequal Treaties During the 19th and early 20th centuries, stronger powers imposed humiliating, one-sided treaties on weaker nations in East Asia. The treaties imposed harsh conditions on the target nations, sometimes seizing territory, allowing citizens of the stronger nation special rights within the weaker nation, and infringing on the targets sovereignty. These documents are known as unequal treaties, and they played a key role in creating nationalism in Japan, China, and also Korea.   Unequal Treaties in Modern Asian History The first of the unequal treaties was imposed on Qing China by the British Empire in 1842 after the First Opium War. This document, the Treaty of Nanjing, forced China to allow foreigner traders to use five treaty ports, to accept foreign Christian missionaries on its soil, and to allow missionaries, traders, and other British citizens the right of extraterritoriality. This meant that Britons who committed crimes in China would be tried by consular officials from their own nation, rather than facing Chinese courts. In addition, China had to cede the island of Hong Kong to Britain for 99 years. In 1854, an American battle fleet commanded by Commodore Matthew Perry opened Japan to American shipping by threat of force. The U.S. imposed an agreement called the Convention of Kanagawa on the Tokugawa government. Japan agreed to open two ports to American ships in need of supplies, guaranteed rescue and safe passage for American sailors shipwrecked on its shores, and allowed a permanent U.S. consulate to be set up in Shimoda. In return, the U.S. agreed not to bombard Edo (Tokyo). The Harris Treaty of 1858 between the US and Japan further expanded U.S. rights within Japanese territory, and was even more clearly unequal than the Convention of Kanagawa. This second treaty opened five additional ports to US trading vessels, allowed U.S. citizens to live and to purchase property in any of the treaty ports, granted Americans extraterritorial rights in Japan, set very favorable import and export duties for U.S. trade, and allowed Americans to build Christian churches and worship freely in the treaty ports. Observers in Japan and abroad saw this document as a portent of the colonization of Japan; in reaction, the Japanese overthrew the weak Tokugawa Shogunate in the 1868 Meiji Restoration. In 1860, China lost the Second Opium War to Britain and France, and was forced to ratify the Treaty of Tianjin. This treaty was quickly followed by similar unequal agreements with the US and Russia. The Tianjin provisions included the opening of a number of new treaty ports to all of the foreign powers, the opening of the Yangtze River and Chinese interior to foreign traders and missionaries, allowing foreigners to live and establish legations in the Qing capital at Beijing, and granted them all extremely favorable trade rights.   Meanwhile, Japan was modernizing its political system and its military, revolutionizing the country in just a few short years.  It imposed the first unequal treaty of its own on Korea in 1876.  In the Japan-Korea Treaty of 1876, Japan unilaterally ended Koreas tributary relationship with Qing China, opened three Korean ports to Japanese trade, and allowed Japanese citizens extraterritorial rights in Korea. This was the first step toward Japans outright annexation of Korea in 1910. In 1895, Japan prevailed in the First Sino-Japanese War. This victory convinced the western powers that they would not be able to enforce their unequal treaties with the rising Asian power any longer. When Japan seized Korea in 1910, it also nullified the unequal treaties between the Joseon government and various western powers. The majority of Chinas unequal treaties lasted until the Second Sino-Japanese War, which began in 1937; the western powers abrogated most of the agreements by the end of World War II. Great Britain, however, retained Hong Kong until 1997. The British handover of the island to mainland China marked the final end of the unequal treaty system in East Asia.

Miranda Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Miranda Act - Essay Example Nevertheless, unexpectedly, every single one of these studies was carried out within the period of the Miranda resolution, and none has been repeated afterward. Hence, the entire literature on the impact of the Miranda Act on individuals and law enforcement personnel originates from studies that were carried out during the early years of Miranda (Cassell & Fowles, 1998). Because the more enduring effect of a court resolution is more relevant to academics than its immediate impacts, as expressed by Leo (1996), it is astonishing that no academic has investigated the effect of the Miranda Act in almost three decades. The Miranda Act has been the most contentious and the most condemned case of the Supreme Court in the United States criminal justice (Fridell, 2006). Even though nobody has methodically studied the continuing impacts of Miranda on collective awareness, court cases, or law enforcement methods and behavior, the subject matter of Miranda’s effect is still a root of cont ention among academics and practitioners (Leo, 1996). Despite the unending debate between liberal and conservative scholars of the Miranda Act, law enforcement personnel have effectively adjusted to the provision of Miranda of ‘pre-interrogation constitutional warnings’ (Leo, 1996, 628) in recent years. A significant portion of the law enforcement community respects the ideals and logic of Miranda and does not challenge its legitimacy anymore. Law enforcement personnel, according to Cassell and Fowles (1998), like detectives and police officers, nowadays have also embraced the legitimacy of the Miranda Act and accepted its importance as a representation of police competence. In Miranda vs. Arizona, the United States Supreme Court declared suspects within detention - or a logical custodial condition - have to be recommended of their right to stay silent, that no matter what they state, could be utilized against them and that they have a right to a legal representative. O nce a legal representative is called, police force can only utilize statements made with the presence of a legal representative as proof in any trial (Wise, 1996). The case involves is about a 13 years old boy of North Carolina, charged for two break-ins within Chapel Hill. The boy was dragged from his classroom and was inquired by police officials along with school officials in a closed conference room. Finally, the boy admitted to the break-ins. Just after the admission, the investigator notified that he did not have to talk with him and that he was allowed to go, court proceedings mentioned. After that, the boy was permitted to go home; however, a police official armed with a warrant later looked around within his home for the items stolen (Gardner & Anderson, 2009). Two adolescent appeals were filed, charging him with â€Å"breaking and entering and with aggravated burglary. His public advocate encouraged to suppress his statements and the evidence derived from them† (Sch malleger, 2001), declaring that he had been cross-examined within a custodial situation without being provided Miranda advices and that his statements were unconscious. The legal representative of trial refused the proposal. Studies on the effect of the Miranda Act used various methodologies, such as interviews, secondary data analysis, and participant observation. The common agreement of these studies is that after adapting at first to the new directives promulgated in the Miranda resolution, law enforcement abided by the rules, but not the essence, of the

Discussion Board Post Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 36

Discussion Board Post Response - Essay Example t refreezing, in the context of your planned change, can be achieved through trainings with an intention of facilitation comprehension of the importance of the planned change. As explicated by McMurray et al (2009), such an approach would reduce fragmentation and hence facilitate adoption of a patient-centered approach to care. In doing so, patient-centered approaches will be adopted and subsequently absorbed within your organization. Jacqueline, I agree with your discussion particularly your observation that asking the right questions during evaluation will establish the practicability of the planed change. In my organization for instance, asking assessing the costs of the planed change helps establish the adequacy of available resources. I also agree that stability can be achieved through refreezing. Dr. Carol Huston (2013e) elucidates refreezing as a process involving adoption of the implemented changes as the norm or their absorption into organizational culture. Viewing change of implemented processes as part of the organizational culture ensures consistency and in doing so, stability is achieved. Dr. Carol Huston (2013e) also posits that evaluation should be a continuous and cyclic process. In this viewpoint, I agree with your observation that evaluation should be

Occupational Health Psychology (OHP): Benefits and Uses

Occupational Health Psychology (OHP): Benefits and Uses Occupational health psychology (OHP) is a branch of psychology that focuses on studying the health, safety and well-being of employees with respect to psychosocial factors and health hazards in the work environment. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) defines OHP as â€Å"concerning the application of psychology to improving the quality of life, and to protecting and promoting the safety, health and well-being of workers.† Examples of topics studied in OHP include stress, burnout, interpersonal conflict, workplace violence, harassment, mistreatment and other work related safety, employment and health issues. According to Leka (2010) The main contributing fields which led to the development OHP are the applied psychology disciplines of health psychology and industrial-organizational psychology, whilst various other disciplines, such as economics, public health, sociology, industrial engineering, occupational health, and preventive medicine also pro vides knowledge towards OHP. The spiritual history of OHP can be traced back to the beginning of the 20th century, although the term â€Å"Occupation Health Psychology† itself did not appear until the end of the same century. The Industrial Revolution proved to be a breeding ground for thought provoking ideas, such Marx’s Theory of Alienation (1984), which examined the effects of work on the masses. Further work down the decades such as Taylors Principles of Scientific Management (1911), Mayo’s research on workers at an electric plant (1933), Trist and Bamforth’s study on UK coal miners (1951), Kornhauser’s research on Michigan car manufacturers (1965) and Gardell’s research on Swedish paper mill workers (1971) steadily built up and consolidated the subject of work related effect on workers and focused the prevention of the detrimental effects as a important topic of discussion within the field of psychology. The term Occupational Health Psychology and similar phrases started to appear in psychological literature around late 1980s, during the same period journals focused specific to this field, such as Work Stress, first published in 1987, were established. According to Leka Houdmont (2010), the term OHP was coined in Psychology doctoral training in work and heath by Raymond et al. (1990), which suggested that doctoral-level psychologists should undertake interdisciplinary OHP training. It was during this time the discipline of OHP was established and recognised. The discipline developed rapidly and several influential works emerged. More specifically, works by Quick et al. (1997) and Cox et al. (2000) have greatly influenced the defining characteristics of OHP, these include recognition that OHP is an applied, multi-disciplinary science driven by evidence often collected through subject participation, and that it is focused towards practical problem solving and intervention. The emergence and rapid development of OHP as a discipline is a direct consequence of the increasing concern and awareness over work related injury and stress, especially in intrinsically or hazardous or stressful occupations, such deep tunnel miners and fire fighters. Cardiovascular diseases are common results from such working conditions (Sharp.1988). The negative impacts of hazardous or stressful working condition include decreased efficiency, decreased productivity, increased operational cost and increased staff turnover rate for the organisation; and reduced health, motivation, happiness and creativity for the individual workers. Overall the result is an unhealthy workforce and unhappy workplace. Through the development of OHP, the typical risks associated with work and the negative impacts they exert on physical and psychological health are established. It is crucial to examine closely the potential factors that can affect the well-being of workers. As mentioned in Leka (2010), the practice of OHP allows an organisation to be able to identify, manipulate, prevent and anticipate the most influential detrimental factors so that the negative effects can be reduced, removed, or turned into a beneficial effect. The process of dealing with both physical risks factors and mental risk factors are similar in the sense that the risk factors have to be identified first before they can be dealt with. For example, physical hazards such as slippery stairs have to be identified before they can be treated to prevent accidents; the result is an overall increase in the physical well-being of workers. Likewise, the negative impacts caused by mental pressures have also to be identified first; h owever unlike physical risks, the mental risks are not quite as clear and straight forward to recognize. In OHP, these mental risk factors are known as stressors. In order to identify and tackle the most common and important stressors, several theoretical models have emerged that tries to describe why the people often feel stress during work. The initial main development came from Karasek’s Demand-Control model (1979), which focuses on the characteristics of job demands and job control. Karasek’s research revealed that workers who have high levels of job demand but at the same time low job control were disproportionately more likely to suffer from fatigue, burn-out, depression and cardiovascular disease. It also showed, perhaps un-intuitively, that workers with highest control and lowest demand did not have the lowest levels of illness; rather the healthiest groups of individuals were the ones with moderate or even high demands, but also high levels of control. Another stress model is Warr’s Vitamin Model (1987) which suggests that some job characteristics have a linear effect on mental health in the way analogous to how v itamins affect the body. That is specific job characteristics can produce beneficial effects up to a certain threshold, after which increased quality or quantity will have no further effects. Examples of such job characteristics include salary, security, and task significance (Buunk et al. 1998). Alternately, other job characteristics such as job demands, social support and autonomy exhibit a curvilinear effect, where intermediate levels provide the most benefits to health, while high and low levels affect health negatively (van Veldhoven et al. 2002). In the nineties, Siegrist’s Effort-reward Imbalance model (1996) provided a new perspective that focus on a worker’s effort and reward ratio. People are more likely to become stressed if they put in more effort but do not see the expected results or rewards. The Effort-reward Imbalance model contains transactional features, and expands on the Demand-Control model in several areas. These theoretical models of stress allow organizations to quickly identify the not so apparent causes of work-related stress and take the appropriate measures to prevent the problems in both employee and employer (Griffiths, 1999). By applying one or more of the models, organisations are able to set up a framework of procedures that can: anticipate potential sources of stress and minimise or eliminate them through primary intervention; deal with employees’ response to stress and control the negative impact through secondary intervention; and treat the symptoms of stress and rehabilitate those who are suffering through tertiary intervention. A well-constructed and maintained health and safety programme can achieve all of the above and provide great benefits to both the individual workers and the organisation as a whole. In conclusion, occupational health psychology allows organisations to be as effective as possible by identifying the main sources of hazards and stress, taking the appropriate preventive measures, and setting up well-managed health and safety programmes(,). OHP aims to protect employees’ health and well-being through practical management of their health and safety issues(). Procedures such as primary intervention and medical support have extensive benefits to the organisation as well as individual employees. The benefits to the organisation includes: increased profit and productivity, conforming to legal framework therefore reducing the risk and cost of potential lawsuits; improved staff attendance, motivation and performance; better worker retention thus reducing worker turnover rate; better public image and company profile making it more attractive as an employer; preventing disabling illness/disease and reduce potential for litigation; and ability to identify causes, trends and patterns of low attendance and productivity within individual divisions and departments, providing the opportunity to take preventative measure and corrective action. Whilst the benefits to employees include: safer, healthier working environment; better interpersonal relations and cooperation; greater happiness, productivity, creativity and morale; improved life-outlook, general health and job satisfaction; enhanced self-esteem and self-worth, reduced risk of injury, stress, conflict and burn-out. References Buunk, B. P., de Jonge, J., Ybema, J.F., de Wolff, C.J. (1991). Psychosocial Aspects of Occupational Stress. In P.J.D. Drenth, H. Thierry C.J.de Wolff (Eds.), Handbook of Work and Organizational Psychology,145-182 Cox, T., Baldursson, E., Rial-Gonzalez, E. (2000). Occupational health psychology. Gardell, B. (1971). Alienation and mental health in the modern industrial environment. In L. Levi (Ed.),Society, stress and disease(Vol. 1, pp. 148-180). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Griffiths, A. Organizational interventions: facing the limits of the natural science paradigm 1999 Karasek Jr, Robert A. Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign 1979 Kornhauser, A. (1965).Mental health of the industrial worker.New York: Wiley. Leka, S. Houdmont, J. (Eds.) (2010).Occupational health psychology. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell Marx, K. (1967/1845). The German ideology. In L.D. Easton K.H.L. Guddat (Eds. and Trans.),Writings of the young Marx on philosophy and society. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. Mayo, E. (1933)The human problems of an industrial civilization. New York: MacMillan. Quick, James C., Camara, Wayne J., Hurrell Jr, Joseph J., et al. Introduction and historical overview. 1997 Raymond, J.S., Wood, D., Patrick, W.K. (1990). Psychology doctoral training in work and health.American Psychologist, 45(10), 1159-1161. Sharp, D. S., Osterloh, J., Becker, C. E., et al. Blood pressure and blood lead concentration in bus drivers 1988 Siegrist, J. (1996). Adverse health effects of high-effort/low-reward conditions, Journal of ccupational Health Psychology, 1, 27-41 Taylor, F.W. (1911).The principles of scientific management. Norwood, MA: The Plimpton Press. Trist, E.L., Bamforth, K.W. (1951). Some social and psychological consequences of the longwall method of coal getting.Human Relations, 14(1), 3-38. Van Veldhoven, M., de Jonge, J., Broersen, S., Kompier, M. Meijman,T. (2002). Specific relationships between psychosocial job conditions and job-related stress: A three level analytical approach, Work Stress, 16, 207-228. Warr, P. (1987a). Work, unemployment, and mental health. Oxford: Clarendon Press

Debt versus Equity Financing Paper Essay

In the accounting industry. funding remains an of import construct. as many organisations are reliant on them for fiscal stableness and length of service. Although there are a overplus of funding options and types to take from. the focal point of the work will go around around debt and equity funding. These two normally used signifiers of funding are of import as they are both alone in how they are utilised. The writer of this piece will turn to these two funding options while supplying illustrations of each and turn toing which capital construction is most advantageous. Debt Financing Debt funding is the procedure of borrowing money from a loaner such as a bank. These fundings option comes in the signifiers of loans both secure and unbarred. â€Å"Security involves a signifier of collateral as an confidence the loan will be repaid. If the debitor defaults on the loan. that collateral is forfeited to fulfill payment of the debt† ( Entrepreneur. 2014. p. 1 ) . In most instances a loaner will inquire for some clip of security on a loan and least frequently times will impart based on name acknowledgment or position. One of the most common beginnings of debt funding is seen within startup concerns where debt funding is frequently provided by friends and household alternatively of commercial loaning establishments. â€Å"When borrowing money from relations or friends. hold your lawyer pull up legal documents ordering the footings of the loan. as formalistic documentation† ( Entrepreneur. 2014. p. 1 ) . Another signifier of debt funding that is most common occurs with recognition cards through a recognition line. Recognition cards are used to supply a manner to concerns to acquire several 1000s of dollars rapidly without traveling through the fusss of acquiring approved for a loan and make fulling out huge sum of paperwork ( Entrepreneur. 2014 ) . Though this method is really popular it is of import to take note that the involvement can roll up if non monitored as this debt can add up rapidly. Equity Financing Unlike debt funding. equity financing involves raising capital through selling portions within the concern. â€Å"Equity financing basically refers to the gross revenues of an ownership involvement to raise financess for concern purposes† ( Investopedia. 2013. p. 1 ) . This signifier of funding does non merely include selling common equity but it besides consists of selling preferable stock. exchangeable preferable stock. and warrants. When a startup company additions success it will achieve equity as it evolves. Since startups attract a huge sum of investors at different phases of the company’s development rhythm. different signifiers of equity are used for the business’s fiscal demands. Convertible stock is comprised out as a loan. which the company is obligated to refund and if company meets the specified benchmark in footings of public presentation. the unpaid balance of that loan is so converted into an equity interest in the concern ( Merritt. 2013 ) . Companies can besides achieve capital by selling portions to investors. â€Å"This allows a company to give up a piece of itself as a manner to raise money to finance growing. Small. in private held companies sell portions to private investors. who so hold equity within the company† ( Merritt. 2013. p. 1 ) . This is one of the quickest manner for obtain capital to finance growing for a concern. particularly if it goes public. Decision Though both of these methods of funding are good for a concern to turn and obtain capital it is of import to admit which of these signifiers are most advantageous. In footings of raising mass sums of money for growing and concern operations. it would be most advantageous to use equity funding within the concern as this provides are manner for the concern to achieve big amounts of money by selling portions. It is of import to observe that maintaining history of the figure portions is of import as the concern needs to guarantee it maintains the bulk of 51 % of more to contradict hostile coup d'etat from rivals and other concerns. At times one funding on either head can look to hold more advantages so the following it is of import the a concern attempts to use both in order to keep balance and control of the concern for optimum success. Mentions Entrepreneur. ( 2014 ) . Debt Financing. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. enterpriser. com/encyclopedia/debt-financing Investopedia. ( 2013 ) . Equity Financing. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. investopedia. com/terms/e/equityfinancing. asp Merritt. C. ( 2013 ) . What Are Examples of Equity Financing? Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //budgeting. thenest. com/examples-equity-financing-23831. hypertext markup language

Marketing Proposal A New Website Platform For The...

Y Combinator Mountain View, LA March 21, 2016 Paul Graham Business manager Y Combinator Mountain View, LA Dear Mr. Graham: I have well heard about the great achievement of Y Combinator in the venture capital investment. The attached business proposal is about to establish a new website platform for the secondhand textbook exchange. It aims to deal with the long lasting problem of over inflation of textbook price in US. Yet currently it is also seeking the capital supporting to launch. In this report you can find out why we want to make such website, what potential such website will be given the current development status of the online retailing and secondhand book selling in US, how the $500,000 capital will be used, and how the website business will be expected to become in the first three years. It is expected that such website will realize the financial breakeven at the third year and get profit from the fourth year. Generally, the propose website will have the following characters: a. It charges nothing to the clients but earn revenue from advertisement and sales commissions from third party service providers. b. It uses the points rather than money to make the book transaction. People earn the points from mutual contribution. c. It has the supplemental system to make a reference price for books on sales, which comes from the historical transaction for the similar book on the internet. We believe it would be a good business opportunity by having both theShow MoreRelatedMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesDBA 1652 Marketing Management UNIT -- I Unit No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Unit Title Marketing management – an introduction Marketing environment Marketing with other functional areas of management Market segmentation Market targeting and positioning Product management Brand management Pricing Channel design and management Retailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling Public